Metal extrusion dies are key tools used to form metal materials through the extrusion process. They are widely used in the processing of copper, aluminum, precious metals, and other specialty alloys. Depending on the processing temperature, they can be divided into hot extrusion dies (usually operating at 300-1200°C) and cold extrusion dies (at or slightly above room temperature). These dies must withstand extremely high pressure and friction, placing strict demands on material selection, structural design, and heat treatment processes.